Diabetes mellitus is a disease associated with absolute or relative insufficiency of insulin in the body and characterized by impaired carbohydrate metabolism and other metabolic disorders. Simply put, diabetes is not a disease in the full sense, but an improper lifestyle and diet. Therefore, nutrition in diabetes mellitus plays an important role in the patient's well-being.
Foods to Include and Avoid in Type 2 Diabetes
Nutrition for diabetes mellitus should be correct and include foods with a low glycemic index (from 10 to 40) in the diet:
- vegetables: tomatoes, eggplants, cabbage, cucumbers, zucchini, green beans and other green vegetables;
- eggs;
- mushrooms and various nuts;
- fruits and berries: cherries, cranberries, lingonberries, plums, pears, apples, gooseberries, strawberries, strawberries and juices from them;
- citrus fruits: lemon, orange, tangerine and grapefruit;
- cereal and bran products: barley bread, rice bran, oatmeal, buckwheat, spaghetti and pasta made with durum flour;
- dietary meat: poultry, rabbit, turkey, veal;
- low-fat fish and fish products;
- dark chocolate;
- cold pressed linseed oil;
- mineral water.
Limitconsumption of foods with an average glycemic index (40 to 70)
- dairy products: kefir, milk, yogurt;
- fat-free or low-fat;
- vegetables: beets (boiled and stewed), carrots, legumes;
- whole grain flour bread, rye bread, black bread, yeast bread;
- fresh and canned pineapple;
- apple and grape juices, no sugar;
- instant oatmeal;
- marmalade;
- raisins, melon, kiwi;
- industrial mayonnaise;
- canned corn;
- wheat flour pancakes;
- brown rice
Eliminatefrom the diet foods with a high glycemic index (from 70 to 100)
- watermelon;
- wheat cereals and breads;
- corn flakes;
- French fries and baked;
- caramel and honey, jam, sweets, sugar;
- white bread;
- alcohol and sweet carbonated and non-carbonated drinks;
- coffee, tea, replacing them with chicory, green tea and tea from blueberry leaves;
- sweet fruits: grapes, bananas;
- semolina;
- processed meat products: sausages, frankfurters, sausages, potatoes, smoked meat.
Along with the medication prescribed by your doctor, you need to use medicinal plants: chicory, blueberry leaves, dandelion root, cuff, bean flaps and a collection of antihypergamic herbs.
In addition, diabetics are shown an active lifestyle, move more, walking up to 2 km a day, walking up the stairs, physical work, unless of course you have suffered a heart attack or stroke. Adjust sleep patterns, sleep at least 7 hours a day, go to bed no later than 1 am.
Basic Steps and Diet Rules for Type 2 Diabetes
It's no secret that obese people suffer from diabetes mellitus.
The first step of the diet-2 weeks, getting rid of extra pounds. During this period, eat only foods with a low glycemic index.
With a high blood sugar content, food is recommended strictly 3 times a day, without snacks, then insulin will have time to be utilized. Instead of snacks, drink water or eat fruit.
Portions should be small, as nutritionists say, a portion should fit in the palm of your hand.
The second step of the diet- 15 days, consolidation of the results. During this period, we eat foods with a low and medium glycemic index. Limiting sugar, honey, baked goods, potatoes, bananas, white rice and corn.
The third step of the dietis for the rest of your life, keeping fit and following the rules. The menu should be low to medium glycemic.
From my own experience, I am a diabetic with 11 years of experience, I know that 70% of wellness depends on what you ate for breakfast, lunch and dinner, and 20% on activity during the day and only 10% on medications. . .
Nutrition for diabetes mellitus at BREAKFAST list of dishes
You can prepare the following for breakfast:
- Oatmeal - on natural cereals and low-fat milk, with the addition of a small amount of wild berries, raisins, dried apricots.
- Muesli or bran - with low fat milk or yoghurt.
- Buckwheat porridge with milk or boiled: tongue, rabbit, meat; or a meatball, meat soufflé.
- Freshly made toast with a slice of cheese made from whole grain bread.
- Low-fat or low-fat cottage cheese, with sour cream, yogurt or low-fat kefir.
- Cheesecakes with sour cream.
- Cabbage or potato cutlets with sour cream.
- Green tea based on natural herbs. Tea with milk.
- Fruits: pears, apples, oranges, grapefruits.
- Boiled eggs with homemade mayonnaise.
- Squid omelet.
- Cabbage casserole in the oven.
- Zucchini casserole.
- Meat pudding.
Nutrition for diabetes mellitus at LUNCH list of dishes
A normal lunch consists of salads, first and second courses, desserts and drinks. The following dishes are offered for lunch:
Salads:
Salads can be based on lettuce, fresh cabbage, incl. and Chinese cabbage, cauliflower, fresh vegetables (radish, radish, cucumber, tomato), celery, broccoli, mushrooms, cheeses and fruits.
First courses:
- Soups:
- Vegetarian Vegetarian;
- pearl barley and buckwheat with mushrooms;
- rice with egg;
- with cauliflower;
- with peas, beans;
- pickle;
- fish with celery;
- vegetable with chicken;
- Lean borsch with sour cream.
Second courses:
- Boiled meat or stew from it with stewed cabbage.
- Beef stroganoff with mashed potatoes.
- Goulash with boiled potatoes.
- Boiled chicken with millet porridge.
- Mexican pita with feta cheese and mushrooms.
- Sandwiches to your taste, based on whole grain bread.
Dessert:
- Sugar-free lemon jelly.
- Carrot cake.
- Curd soufflé.
- Microwave stevia chocolate cake.
- Pumpkin cheesecake without sugar and semolina.
- Diet cake.
- Baked apples.
Drinks
- Tomato juice.
- Kefir or kefir with cinnamon.
- Rosehip broth or tea.
- Milk thistle tea (for weight loss).
- Fruit compote with sweetener.
Diabetes mellitus meals for DINNER meal list
Dinner items can be:
- Cabbage rolls stuffed with vegetables.
- Boiled low-fat fish.
- Carrot and apple meatballs with kefir.
- Carrot puree with sour cream.
- Stewed cabbage.
- Vegetable casserole.
1 hour before bedtime
- a glass of kefir;
The above list of dishes is a recommendation, but you must develop your own menu and focus on your well-being.